Civil Process is the procedure by which individuals seek what type of legal action?

• A. A criminal prosecution by the state
• B. A procedure for seeking non-criminal legal action
• C. A summary judgment procedure
• D. A process for appealing a verdict

Answer: (B)

Civil process refers to the set of procedures used to bring and move non-criminal lawsuits in court—filing a complaint, serving papers, conducting discovery, and ultimately enforcing judgments. It covers disputes between private parties or between private parties and government entities over contracts, torts, property, family matters, and similar civil issues. This is distinct from criminal actions, which are prosecutions brought by the state for offenses against society. The other items describe specific procedural tools or stages within the system (such as disposing of a case without a trial or appealing a verdict) rather than the overall framework for pursuing non-criminal claims.